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Compare Gibraltar (2002) - Indian Ocean (2005)

Compare Gibraltar (2002) z Indian Ocean (2005)

 Gibraltar (2002)Indian Ocean (2005)
 GibraltarIndian Ocean
Administrative divisions none (overseas territory of the UK) -
Age structure 0-14 years: 18.5% (male 2,633; female 2,509)


15-64 years: 66.3% (male 9,456; female 8,907)


65 years and over: 15.2% (male 1,803; female 2,406) (2002 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products none -
Airports 1 (2001) -
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)		 -
Area total: 6.5 sq km


land: 6.5 sq km


water: 0 sq km		 total: 68.556 million sq km


note: includes Andaman Sea, Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal, Flores Sea, Great Australian Bight, Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman, Java Sea, Mozambique Channel, Persian Gulf, Red Sea, Savu Sea, Strait of Malacca, Timor Sea, and other tributary water bodies
Area - comparative about 11 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC about 5.5 times the size of the US
Background Strategically important, Gibraltar was ceded to Great Britain by Spain in the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht; the British garrison was formally declared a colony in 1830. In referendums held in 1967 and 2002, Gibraltarians ignored Spanish pressure and voted overwhelmingly to remain a British dependency. The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's five oceans (after the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Ocean, but larger than the Southern Ocean and Arctic Ocean). Four critically important access waterways are the Suez Canal (Egypt), Bab el Mandeb (Djibouti-Yemen), Strait of Hormuz (Iran-Oman), and Strait of Malacca (Indonesia-Malaysia). The decision by the International Hydrographic Organization in the spring of 2000 to delimit a fifth ocean, the Southern Ocean, removed the portion of the Indian Ocean south of 60 degrees south.
Birth rate 11.19 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) -
Budget revenues: $307 million


expenditures: $284 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY00/01 est. )		 -
Capital Gibraltar -
Climate Mediterranean with mild winters and warm summers northeast monsoon (December to April), southwest monsoon (June to October); tropical cyclones occur during May/June and October/November in the northern Indian Ocean and January/February in the southern Indian Ocean
Coastline 12 km 66,526 km
Constitution 30 May 1969 -
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Gibraltar		 -
Currency Gibraltar pound (GIP) -
Death rate 8.88 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) -
Debt - external $NA -
Dependency status overseas territory of the UK -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of the UK) -
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK) -
Disputes - international Spain and UK are discussing "total shared sovereignty" to resolve 300-year dispute over Gibraltar, but resolution is subject to a constitutional referendum by Gibraltarians, who have largely expressed opposition to any form of cession to Spain some maritime disputes (see littoral states)
Economic aid - recipient $NA; note - if an agreement between Spain and the UK is reached, could receive 50 million euros from the EU -
Economy - overview Gibraltar benefits from an extensive shipping trade, offshore banking, and its position as an international conference center. The British military presence has been sharply reduced and now contributes about 11% to the local economy. The financial sector accounts for 20% of GDP; tourism (almost 6 million visitors in 1998), shipping services fees, and duties on consumer goods also generate revenue. In recent years, Gibraltar has seen major structural change from a public to a private sector economy, but changes in government spending still have a major impact on the level of employment. The Indian Ocean provides major sea routes connecting the Middle East, Africa, and East Asia with Europe and the Americas. It carries a particularly heavy traffic of petroleum and petroleum products from the oilfields of the Persian Gulf and Indonesia. Its fish are of great and growing importance to the bordering countries for domestic consumption and export. Fishing fleets from Russia, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan also exploit the Indian Ocean, mainly for shrimp and tuna. Large reserves of hydrocarbons are being tapped in the offshore areas of Saudi Arabia, Iran, India, and western Australia. An estimated 40% of the world's offshore oil production comes from the Indian Ocean. Beach sands rich in heavy minerals and offshore placer deposits are actively exploited by bordering countries, particularly India, South Africa, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and Thailand.
Electricity - consumption 90.21 million kWh (2000) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2000) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2000) -
Electricity - production 97 million kWh (2000) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2000)		 -
Elevation extremes lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m


highest point: Rock of Gibraltar 426 m		 lowest point: Java Trench -7,258 m


highest point: sea level 0 m
Environment - current issues limited natural freshwater resources: large concrete or natural rock water catchments collect rainwater (no longer used for drinking water) and adequate desalination plant endangered marine species include the dugong, seals, turtles, and whales; oil pollution in the Arabian Sea, Persian Gulf, and Red Sea
Ethnic groups Spanish, Italian, English, Maltese, Portuguese -
Exchange rates Gibraltar pounds per US dollar - 0.6981 (January 2002), 0.8977 (2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.6180 (1999), 0.6037 (1998), 0.6106 (1997); note - the Gibraltar pound is at par with the British pound -
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor and Commander-in-Chief David DURIE (since 5 April 2000); note - Sir Francis RICHARDS was appointed governor 18 December 2002 and will take office in May 2003


head of government: Chief Minister Peter CARUANA (since 17 May 1996)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed from among the 15 elected members of the House of Assembly by the governor in consultation with the chief minister


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed chief minister by the governor		 -
Exports $81.1 million f.o.b. (1997) -
Exports - commodities (principally reexports) petroleum 51%, manufactured goods 41%, other 8% -
Exports - partners UK, Morocco, Portugal, Netherlands, Spain, US, Germany -
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June -
Flag description two horizontal bands of white (top, double width) and red with a three-towered red castle in the center of the white band; hanging from the castle gate is a gold key centered in the red band -
GDP purchasing power parity - $500 million (1997 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $17,500 (1997 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate NA% -
Geographic coordinates 36 8 N, 5 21 W 20 00 S, 80 00 E
Geography - note strategic location on Strait of Gibraltar that links the North Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea major chokepoints include Bab el Mandeb, Strait of Hormuz, Strait of Malacca, southern access to the Suez Canal, and the Lombok Strait
Highways total: 46.25 km


paved: 46.25 km


unpaved: 0 km (2001)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%		 -
Imports $492 million c.i.f. (1997) -
Imports - commodities fuels, manufactured goods, and foodstuffs -
Imports - partners UK, Spain, Japan, Netherlands -
Independence none (overseas territory of the UK) -
Industrial production growth rate NA% -
Industries tourism, banking and finance, ship-building and repairing; tobacco, mineral water, beer -
Infant mortality rate 5.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 1.5% (1998) -
International organization participation Interpol (subbureau) -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 2 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km -
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Court of Appeal -
Labor force 14,800 (including non-Gibraltar laborers) -
Labor force - by occupation services 60%, industry 40%, agriculture NEGL% -
Land boundaries total: 1.2 km


border countries: Spain 1.2 km		 -
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (1998 est.)		 -
Languages English (used in schools and for official purposes), Spanish, Italian, Portuguese -
Legal system English law -
Legislative branch unicameral House of Assembly (18 seats - 15 elected by popular vote, one appointed for the Speaker, and two ex officio members; members serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 10 February 2000 (next to be held NA 2004)


election results: percent of vote by party - GSD 58%, GSLP 41%; seats by party - GSD 8, GSLP 7		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population: 79.23 years


male: 76.37 years


female: 82.25 years (2002 est.)		 -
Literacy definition: NA


total population: above 80%


male: NA%


female: NA%		 -
Location Southwestern Europe, bordering the Strait of Gibraltar, which links the Mediterranean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, on the southern coast of Spain body of water between Africa, the Southern Ocean, Asia, and Australia
Map references Europe Political Map of the World
Maritime claims territorial sea: 3 NM -
Merchant marine total: 75 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 900,400 GRT/1,277,611 DWT


ships by type: bulk 2, cargo 35, chemical tanker 6, container 10, multi-functional large-load carrier 3, passenger 3, petroleum tanker 14, roll on/roll off 2


note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Belgium 1, Cyprus 1, France 2, Germany 55, Greece 6, Ireland 1, Monaco 2, Norway 3, United Kingdom 13 (2002 est.)		 -
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK -
Military branches no regular indigenous military forces; British Army, Royal Navy, Royal Air Force -
National holiday National Day, 10 September (1964); note - day of the national referendum to decide whether to remain with the UK or go with Spain -
Nationality noun: Gibraltarian(s)


adjective: Gibraltar		 -
Natural hazards NA occasional icebergs pose navigational hazard in southern reaches
Natural resources NEGL oil and gas fields, fish, shrimp, sand and gravel aggregates, placer deposits, polymetallic nodules
Net migration rate NEGL migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) -
Pipelines 0 km -
Political parties and leaders Gibraltar Social Democrats or GSD [Peter CARUANA]; Gibraltar Socialist Labor Party or GSLP [Joseph John BOSSANO] -
Political pressure groups and leaders Chamber of Commerce; Gibraltar Representatives Organization; Women's Association -
Population 27,714 (July 2002 est.) -
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 0.23% (2002 est.) -
Ports and harbors Gibraltar Chennai (Madras; India), Colombo (Sri Lanka), Durban (South Africa), Jakarta (Indonesia), Kolkata (Calcutta; India) Melbourne (Australia), Mumbai (Bombay; India), Richards Bay (South Africa)
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998) -
Radios 37,000 (1997) -
Religions Roman Catholic 76.9%, Church of England 6.9%, Muslim 6.9%, Jewish 2.3%, none or other 7% (1991) -
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female


total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2002 est.)		 -
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal, plus other UK subjects who have been residents six months or more -
Telephone system general assessment: adequate, automatic domestic system and adequate international facilities


domestic: automatic exchange facilities


international: radiotelephone; microwave radio relay; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)		 -
Telephones - main lines in use 19,000 (1997) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 1,620 (1997) -
Television broadcast stations 1 (plus three low-power repeaters) (1997) -
Terrain a narrow coastal lowland borders the Rock of Gibraltar surface dominated by counterclockwise gyre (broad, circular system of currents) in the southern Indian Ocean; unique reversal of surface currents in the northern Indian Ocean; low atmospheric pressure over southwest Asia from hot, rising, summer air results in the southwest monsoon and southwest-to-northeast winds and currents, while high pressure over northern Asia from cold, falling, winter air results in the northeast monsoon and northeast-to-southwest winds and currents; ocean floor is dominated by the Mid-Indian Ocean Ridge and subdivided by the Southeast Indian Ocean Ridge, Southwest Indian Ocean Ridge, and Ninetyeast Ridge
Total fertility rate 1.65 children born/woman (2002 est.) -
Unemployment rate 13.5% (1996) (1996) -
Waterways none -
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